Hamas has announced its willingness to disarm Palestinian factions in Gaza, but only on the condition that Israel halts its military operations and completes a phased withdrawal from the territory. According to group official Ghazi Hamad, the disarmament process is contingent upon Israel and the United States adhering to the terms of a ceasefire agreement reached in October 2025. This stance follows a public declaration by U.S. President Donald Trump that a deal had been secured through the Board of Peace to disarm all armed groups within the Gaza Strip.
While the U.S. administration has framed the development as a monumental step toward regional security, the details of the 15-point agreement suggest a complex implementation process. The document stipulates that Palestinian weapons will not be surrendered to Israel or any international forces. Instead, control and registration of all arms would be transferred to a transitional Palestinian authority known as the National Committee. This body is designated as the sole entity responsible for issuing licenses and enforcing law regarding weaponry, ensuring that the inventory remains under Palestinian oversight.
Under the proposed roadmap, the disarmament process is explicitly linked to a verified Israeli withdrawal from areas currently under its control. The agreement specifies that the transition between phases will only occur once an international commission verifies the completion of prior obligations. These preconditions include the full deployment of an International Stabilization Force and the entry of the National Committee into Gaza. However, reports indicate that the National Committee has yet to enter the territory despite being appointed seven months ago.
The role of the International Stabilization Force is strictly defined to avoid policing duties or direct interference in Palestinian society. Its mandate is limited to monitoring compliance, overseeing the flow of humanitarian aid, and performing non-policing tasks as requested by the National Committee. Internal security incidents will remain the responsibility of the Palestinian transitional authority, which is also tasked with vetting existing police personnel while offering civil roles or retirement to those who do not meet new standards.
Despite the framework for disarmament, significant hurdles remain regarding the future of militia members. The agreement explicitly bars personnel from these armed groups from being absorbed into formal security or police apparatuses. While the document mentions reintegration and social support, it lacks the specific financial guarantees provided to civilian police. Furthermore, the National Committee is restricted by a $400 million financial ceiling for addressing obligations over three years, a sum described as modest given the scale of reconstruction required in the Gaza Strip.
